不同心理素质水平军人恐惧情绪增强调节特点

The characteristics of the fear emotion enhanced regulation of the soldiers with different mental quality levels

目的探讨在恐惧情绪条件下，增强情绪调节方式对不同心理素质水平军人自主神经反应的影响。方法利用军人心理素质量表将818名官兵分为高、中、低心理素质组，从中抽取高、中、低心理素质军人各30名作为研究对象。在恐惧情绪诱发下，观察被试采用增强情绪策略（认知重视、表情宣泄）后指端血容振幅值、皮电、高频功率和心律R—R间期标准差四个自主神经反应指标的变化，以及指端血容振幅、皮电的平均恢复时间。结果（1）静息状态下，不同心理素质水平军人自主神经活动生理指标的变化均不存在显著性差异。（2）采用认知重视时，不同心理素质水平军人皮电降低，低心理素质水平军人[（-0．67±1．05）μΩ]、中心理素质水平军人[（-0．49±0．75）μΩ]和高心理素质水平军人[（-2．16±2．18）μΩ]之间存在显著差异；高心理素质水平军人高频功率[（-2．17±8．96）nU]显著低于简单观看[（6．96±7．08）nU]；采用表情宣泄时，高心理素质水平军人的高频功率[（1．95±6．58）nU]显著低于简单观看[（6．96±7．08）nU]。（3）采用认知重视时，低心理素质水平军人指端血容振幅平均恢复时间[（65．50±43．43）S]比高心理素质水平军人[（26．50±25．72）S]长且差异显著；采用表情宣泄时，低心理素质水平军人指端血容振幅平均恢复时间[（71．50±48．36）S]比高心理素质水平军人[（21．00±35．50）S]长且差异显著；低心理素质水平军人皮电的平均恢复时间[（103．50±38．01）8]比中[（63．50±48．59）s]、高心理素质水平军人[（61．50±33．09）S]长且差异显著。结论低心理素质水平军人使用增强情绪调节虽然可以让交感抑制，但交感神经的凋节能力却比高心理素质水平军人差。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of autonomic nervous response of armymen with different mental quality use the enhanced emotion regulation strategies during fear emotion processes. Methods Mental Quality Questionnaire of Armymen was used to select participants from 818 armymen, screening out 30 armymen with low mental quality ,30 armymen with moderate and 30 armymen with high. With elicitation of fear emotion, the participants adopted enhance emotion regulation strategies （cognition emphasis and emotion ca- tharsis）, and their blood volume pulse（ BVP）, skin conductance （SC） , normalized high frequency spectral compo- nent （HFnorm） , standard deviation of all normal intervals （SDNN） and the recovery time of BVP and SC were re corded. Results （ 1 ） The different mental quality of armymen activity in the autonomic physiological changes were not significant differences in resting state. （2）When using the cognition emphasis, the SC of different mental quali- ty of armymen were reduced, and low mental quality of armymen（ （ -0.67 ± 1.05 ）μΩl）, moderate mental quality of armymen （ （ - 0.49 ± O. 75 ） μΩ） had larger SC than high mental quality of armymen （ （ - 2.16 ±2.18 ） μΩ） ; high mental quality of armymen （ （ - 2.17 ± 8.96 ） nU ） had lower HFnorm than the control （ （ 6.96 ± 7.08 ） nU ）. When using emotion catharsis, high mental quality of armymen （ （ 1.95 ± 6.58 ） nU ） had lower HFnorm than the control（ （ 6.96 ± 7.08 ） nU ）. （ 3 ） When using the cognition emphasis, low mental quality of armymen （ （ 65.50 ± 43.43 ） s ） had longer recovery time of BVP than high mental quality of armymen （ （ 26.50 ± 25.72 ） s）. When using emotion catharsis, low mental quality of armymen （ （71.50 ±48.36 ）mm Hg）had longer recovery time of BVP than high mental quality of armymen（ （ 21.00 ± 35.50） mm Hg） ;low mental quality of armymen（ （ 103.50± 38. 01 ） s） had longer SC than moderate（ （63.50 ±48.59） s） and high mental quality of armymen（ （61.50 ± 33.09） s）. Conclusion The ability to regulate sympathetic in low mental quality group is weaker than the high mental quality group, although sympathetic can be suppressed when enhanced emotion regulation are adopted.