精神疾病患者诊疗行为调查

A study on help-seeking behavior and treatment with mental illness

目的了解精神疾病患者求医行为和治疗情况，为精神疾病防治提供科学依据。方法采用自编问卷随机抽取1988例门诊患者进行现场调查，并进行回归分析。结果婚姻状况不稳定及精神卫生知识缺乏是首诊主动就诊的危险因素。抑郁症、精神分裂症、焦虑症及躯体形式障碍就诊延误时间中位数分别是113．5d、34．0d、86．5d、309．0d，治疗延误时间中位数分别是6．0月、3．0月、3．0月、5．5月，各类精神疾病首诊机构比较差异有显著性（x2=46．317，P=0．029）。非专科识别率17．8％，确诊并给予合理用药率10．5％，89．5％的患者未得到合理用药而转诊精神科。结论精神疾病患者存在严重的就诊延误及治疗延误，应普及精神卫生知识和加强培训非专科医务人员，改善患者诊疗行为，提高就诊率、识别率、治疗率。

Objective To explore help-seeking behavior and treatment towards people with mental illness,so as to provide evidence for intervention measures. Methods 1988 mental disorders in outpatient were selected with a self-developed questionnaire randomly, and regression analysis was carried out. Results Unstable marriages and the lack of mental health knowledge were risk factors for actively professional help-seeking contact after first onset of a mental disorder. Median delays of seeking help and treatment in depression, schizophrenia, anx- iety disorders and somatoform disorders were 113.5 days,34.0days,86.5 days,309.0days and 6.0 months,3.0 months,3.0 months,5.5 months orderly. There were notable difference for primary treatment contact between the four mental disorders （X2 ^---46.317, P = 0. 029 ）. No-professional recognition ratio was 17.8%. The ratio of correct- ly diagnosed and rationally cured with drugs ratio was 10.5%. 89. 5% of outpatients had not been given rational drugs then they sought to psychiatry. Conclusion The delay of help-seeking and treatment in mental illnesses are serious, so it should be taken effective measures to promote the popularization of mental health knowledge and train no-professional doctors in order to improve the behavior of seeking help and provide the ratio of recognition and treatment.