柳珊瑚化学成分与生物活性研究新进展

Most advance on chemical and biological investigations of gorgonian octocorals

该文综述了近年来有关海洋无脊椎动物——柳珊瑚的化学成分与生物活性研究,收载了期间所报道的432个新化合物,包括46个倍半萜(含2个新天然产物),281个二萜(含1人工产物和4个海笔目八放珊瑚二萜),76个甾体,29个生物碱及其他(包括2个新天然产物)。根据化合物结构类型和柳珊瑚的科属分类进行阐述,对相关的生物活性做同步分析。重点阐述新骨架和复杂结构的特征、鉴定方法和可能的生源途径,对新化合物的来源和二萜的结构类型进行了分类,首次提出部分二萜骨架的中文译名。柳珊瑚的生物活性研究包括抗肿瘤(细胞毒)、抗炎、抗菌(金葡菌、结核杆菌等)、抗疟疾、抗污损等多方面,从中详细总结了对肿瘤细胞的细胞毒(或抑制)活性,并对柳珊瑚的化学和生物活性研究做相关讨论与展望,以期为我国柳珊瑚化学和生物活性研究、柳珊瑚化学生态学研究及海洋药物先导化合物的发现提供一定的参考。

This review presents the most recent chemical and biological investigations on one of the marine invertebrates,gorgonian octocoral.It summarizes all 432 new compounds published in 2002-2009,which consists of 46 sesquiterpenoids（including 2 new natural products,NNP）,282 diterpenoids（including 4 from Pennatulacea octocoral and one artifact）,76 steroids,and 29 alkaloids or other types（2 NNP included）.In this paper,according to the structure division,the new compounds are described in combination with the taxonomy of the investigated animals,and its simultaneous bioactivity results.Novel skeletons and complex structures are paid most emphasis on its features,means of structural elucidation and the proposed biogenesis pathway.The source of all new compounds and the different diterpenoid skeleton types are all listed and analyzed,as well as the commonly used Chinese names or some proposed ones for diterpenoid skeletons.Furthermore,this papers deals with all biological test toward the gorgonian new metabolites,i.e.anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory,anti-bacterial（against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria,Mycobacterium tuberculosis etc）,anti-malaria,and anti-fouling as well,in which anti-cancer accivity and cytotoxicity were additionally,a discussion and prospect are proposed regarding chemical overview on gorgonian.This review,hopefully,can be useful in proving data and references for further chemical and biological research of China sea gorgonian,for the studies on chemical ecology,and for the discovery of new and bioactive compounds or the marine-derived leading targets.