新加坡集选区制度初探

System of Group Representation Constituency in Singapore

集选区制度是新加坡国会大选的独创。1988年新加坡国会大选实行集选区制度与单选区制度并行,这对新加坡整个政治生态产生了重大影响。国内新加坡研究涉及集选区制度的著述甚少,基本未对集选区制度予以系统阐述与分析。本文比较全面地介绍新加坡集选区制度的产生与实践的过程,并围绕新加坡集选区制度的核心争议,即代表性问题和程序公正性问题进行分析。本文认为反对党虽有突破,但选举程序设计对反对党仍然是极大的障碍,由于目前反对党积极性迅速提高,使人民行动党面临极大挑战,因此自主革新的可能性是存在的。

Group Representation Constituency is a creation of Singapore＇s congressional election. In 1988, both Group Representation Constituency and Single-member Constituency were adopted in it, which had a great influence on Singapore political situation. By now, this original creation of Singapore is seldom involved in research works at home, and scarcely presented and analyzed, either. In this paper, the emergence and practices of Singapore＇s Group Representation Constituency were introduced in a relatively detailed way, and analyzed in terms of its core issues, namely, issues on representative and judicial process. Although the opposition has got somewhere, the design of election procedure is still a drawback for them. However, the opposition is getting much more active, confronting PAP with great challenges, which makes it likely to start a self-reform.