纳米锑颗粒的制备及其分散性研究

Study on Preparation of Nanosized Sb and Dispersion of Sb in Liquid Media

采用电化学方法电沉积制得不同形貌及粒径的纳米锑颗粒,并在制备过程中使用OP-10对纳米锑颗粒表面进行了原位改性。通过TEM、XRD、FTIR等方法对纳米锑颗粒的形态、物相和包覆效果进行表征。结果显示,纳米锑颗粒的制备具有时间效应和电流效应。随着反应时间的加长,纳米锑颗粒粒径变大,且在某种程度上存在着团聚现象;电流密度在一定范围内,适当增大电流密度有利于纳米锑颗粒的形成。纳米锑颗粒的表面改性,主要是通过OP-10的长链分子结构与纳米锑颗粒之间的化学吸附以及OP-10的长链烷基分子之间的氢键、范德华力相互作用,分子链相互缠结,部分通过C—H键互相渗入,最终有效地包覆在纳米锑颗粒表面来达到其表面改性效果,同时在反应过程中醚键也起了一定作用。纳米锑颗粒在纯液体石蜡油中的分散稳定性能与其添加量有关,其最佳添加量为0.5%。

Nano antimony particles with different morphology and size were prepared by electrochemical method（Electrodeposition）,while the surface was modified by using OP-10.Some methods such as TEM,XRD,FTIR were used for the morphology,size and coating effects analysis of the nanometer-sized Sb particles.The results showed that there were time effects and current effects when antimony nanoparticles were synthesized.With increasing reaction time,the size of nano-antimony particle became larger and,to some extent,agglomerating phenomenon of nano-antimony particle occurred.When the current density changed within a certain range,the suitable increase of the current density was conducive to the formation of nano-antimony particles.The surface modification of nano-particles of antimony was obtained mainly by coating of OP-10 through chemical absorption between OP-10 long-chain molecular structure and nano-antimony particle,interaction of hydrogen bond and van der waals force among OP-10 long-chain alkyl molecular,mutual tangle of molecular chain and mutual permeation of C—H bond,while the bond of ether playing a role during the reaction.The dispersion and stability of nano antimony particles in the pure liquid paraffin oil related to their dosage,and the optimum amount is 0.5%.