《二十四史》针灸医案浅析

Study on medical records of acupuncture-moxibustion in The Twenty-Four Histories

采用手工检索与计算机检索相结合方法,搜集、整理《二十四史》中有关针灸医案的史料,检索出《二十四史》记载春秋时代到明末的针灸医案。从正史的针灸医案史料可见,早在春秋战国时期,医家已采用针药结合方法治疗全身性疾病或急重病症;仓公采用循经取穴方法治病,反映西汉时期经络学理论已在临床中起到指导性的作用;各时代的医家常采用放血疗法治疗疾病,屡见奇效;采用单穴治病,简单有效。

Through the combination of manual retrieval and computerized retrieval, medical records of acupunc- ture-moxibustion in The Twenty-Four Histories were collected. Acupuncture cases from the Spring and Autumn Period （770-476 B.C.） to the end of the Ming Dynasty （1368-＇1644 ） were retrieved. From the medical records of acupuncture-moxibustion in Chinese official history books, it can be found that systematic diseases or emergent and severe diseases were already treated by physicians with the combination of acupuncture and medicine as early as in the Spring and Autumn Period as well as the Warring States Period（475-221 B.C.）. CANG Gong, a famous physician of the Western Han Dynasty （206 B. C. - A. D. 24）, cured diseases by selecting points along the run- ning courses of meridians where the illness inhabited, which indicates that the theory of meridians and collaterals was served as a guide for clinical practice as early as in the Western Han Dynasty. Blood letting therapy, which has surprising effect, was often adopted by physicians of various historical periods to treat diseases. And treatment of diseases with single point was approved to be easy and effective.