宝丰县碘缺乏病健康教育效果评价

Evaluation on health education of iodine deficiency disorders prevention in Baofeng county

目的对河南省宝丰县碘缺乏病(IDD)健康教育干预前的基线调查和干预措施实施1年的效果评价,评估IDD健康教育措施的效果。方法采用分层随机化的方法选择干预组和对照组,进行干预前、后的比较分析。结果干预组小学生IDD防治知识知晓率由干预前的62.56%提高到干预后的95.78%,家庭主妇从61.17%提高到93.17%;碘盐覆盖率从91.00%提高到99.67%;居民户合格碘盐食用率由88.17%提高到97.67%;小学生尿碘值小于50μg/L和小于100μg/L的比例由8.7%和16.8%下降到0和1.8%。小学生甲状腺肿大率由4.83%下降到4.00%。对照组上述指标干预前后比较均无统计学意义。干预后干预组与对照组比较小学生甲状腺肿大率无统计学意义,其它均有统计学意义。结论健康教育干预可有效提高小学生和家庭主妇的IDD防治知识知晓率。同时使居民户碘盐覆盖率和合格碘盐食用率均明显上升。使小学生尿碘值小于50μg/L和小于100μg/L的比例明显下降。

Objective Through the basic survey before interference and the evaluation of effect of the interfering measures within one year of health education about Iodine Deficiency Disorders（IDD） in Baofeng county of Henan province,evaluating the effect of health education measures.Methods To choose intervention group and contrast group in the stratified randomization method,to analyze and compare the results before and after intervention.Results After health education,the rate of knowledge on IDD by the baseline survey rising from 62.56% to 93.17% in primary school students,from 61.17% to 93.17% in the housewives;The coverage rate of iodized salt rising from 91.00% to 99.67%;The intake rate of qualified iodized salt of the residents rising from 88.17% to 97.67%;The rate of urinary iodine under 50 μg/L and under 100 μg/L of the primary students were falling down from 8.7% and 16.8% to 0% and 1.8%;The goiter rate of the primary students falling down from 4.84% to 4.00%.Above indicate before and after intervention in the contrast group,the difference was not statistically significant.After intervention between the intervention and contrast group,the difference of the goiter rate was not statistically significant,others were statistically significant.Conclusions Carrying out health education interference among students and women can raise their awareness rate of knowledge about IDD,improving the masses＇awareness of self-health care.At the same time,the coverage rate of iodized salt,and the intake rate of qualified iodized salt have increased significantly.The rate of urinary iodine of the primary students under 100 μg/L and under 50 μg/L have obviously decreased.