少数民族非物质文化遗产传承人知识产权保护问题研究——以贵州为例

The Survey and Discussion about Inheritors'Intellectual Property's Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ethnic Minority:Take Guizhou as an Example

在非物质文化遗产的私权利主体不明确的情况下,传承人作为某项传承项目的"代表",存在着知识产权落到其身上的可能性。通过对42名贵州少数民族非物质文化遗产传承人的调查,了解传承人的知识产权意识、知识产权持有及保护状况,认为传承人知识产权保护与非遗的产业化发展高度关联,保护的对象(客体)主要是知识产权所衍生的利益,很少涉及非遗项目本身。传承人的知识产权保护,也可能带来市场垄断、传承受阻等问题。

Because the private right＇ s subject is lack in the Intangible cultural heritage protection, the inheritors have opportunity of owning the inteUectual property as the representative of intangible cultural heritage.Basis on the survey to 42 Inheritance persons in Cuizhou, the paper recommends the , actuality of the inheritors＇ intellectual property＇ s protection.At the same time, the paper discoveres that the protection have some characteristic： using direct intellectual protection model; the diversification of intellectual property＇ s subject; protected object basically is the traditional knowledge derived benefit and rarely involves the Intangible cultural heritage itself. Accordingly, inheritors＇ intellectual property＇ s protection of intangible cultural heritage may result in the monopoly or hinder the inheritance.