仪式变迁:地方化与全球化

The Changes of Ritual:Localization and Globalization

在全球化的潮流中,地方社会传统的信仰与仪式也必然随之变迁。这些变迁可以看作是地方在与国家和全球的环境互动中进行的行为模式的调整,以能符合时代与国家的要求,同时又能满足自己或社区的整合需求的选择。地方性的信仰与仪式操演结合国家的在场实现了这种变迁,又或者加以保护和改造,在全球化的语境中演化成了非物质文化遗产。这也正是费孝通先生所指出的全球体系之中的地方或族群在文化全球化中表现出的同质性与异质性的二元特点。

The traditional beliefs and rituals must change following the trend of globalization. These changes can be regarded as some adjustments of the behavior patterns when the local society interact with the nation and the global environment to meet the requirements of the times and the country, while the adjustments can also help to meet the needs of integration form their own or the community＇ s. Local beliefs and rituals drill with the state＇s presence to achieve these changes, or to evolved into non-material cultural heritages by protecting and rehabilitating in the context of globalization. It is just noted by Fei Xiaotong that there are dual characteristics about homogeneity and heterogeneity in the cultural globalization.