我国优秀女子游泳运动员损伤致因研究

A Study on Injury Factors of Chinese Excellent Female Swimmers

综合运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法以及专家访谈法等方法,以不同泳姿(自由泳、仰泳、蛙泳、蝶泳)为研究视角,对我国78名优秀女子游泳运动员进行问卷调查。研究结果表明,我国优秀女子游泳运动员损伤主要类型是肌肉韧带拉伤,不同泳姿由于技术特点导致损伤部位存在差异性。运动损伤的发生是多个因素的相互结合作用,主要包括训练因素、身体素质、心理因素以及其他因素等。分析和探讨我国优秀女子游泳运动员损伤致因,提出合理的损伤预防建议,以期能减少运动损伤患病率,提高运动员运动成绩和延长运动寿命。

By using the method of literature review,questionnaire,mathematical statistics and expert interview,this paper distributed questionnaires to 78 excellent Chinese female swimmers with questions designed from the perspectives of different swimming strokes（freestyle,backstroke,breast stroke and butterfly stroke）.The result indicated that the most frequent injury type was the ligament injury,and different swimming strokes could cause injuries of different tissues because of their special techniques.The sports injuries resulted from the combined effect of multiple factors,including training,body conditions,mental factors and other factors etc.Therefore,the factors causing injuries to excellent Chinese female swimmers were analyzed and discussed so as to make suggestions on injury prevention with the hope to reduce the sport injury rate,improve their performance in swimming and enable them to do the sport for a longer time.