新疆维吾尔族与汉族老年高血压患者靶器官损害特点分析

Characteristics of target organ damage in Xinjiang Uygur and Han nationality aged patients with hypertension

目的探讨新疆维吾尔族与汉族老年高血压患者靶器官损害的临床特点。方法选择年龄≥75岁的高血压患者264例,分为汉族组138例,维吾尔族组(维族组)1 26例。检测血压昼夜节律及血压负荷值,动态心电图检测心律失常、心率变异性,颈部多普勒超声检测颈动脉内膜中层厚度,并进行分析比较。结果与汉族组比较,维族组患者24 h平均动脉压、24 h收缩压负荷,昼夜平均收缩压、昼夜平均动脉压、夜间平均收缩压,房性期前收缩、短阵房性心动过速、缺血ST-T改变、平均心率、夜间心率均明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);汉族组颈动脉斑块和狭窄检出率明显低于维族组(P<0.05)。结论维吾尔族老年高血压患者血压偏高,易于合并冠心痛和(或)糖尿病,发生代谢紊乱、房性心律失常、心肌缺血及颈动脉斑块形成等靶器官损害的比率高于汉族,同时心率变异性减低。

Objective To study the characteristics of target organ damage in Xinjiang Uygur and Han nationality aged patients with hypertension. Methods Two hundred and sixty-four hypertension patients at the age ≥75 years were divided into Han nationality group （n ： 138） and Uygur nationality group（n= 126）. Levels of blood lipid, metabolic product, ABMP, and blood pressure were measured. Arrythmia and heart rate were observed on dynamic ECG. Carotid intima media thicknoess（IMT） was measured by Doppler ultrasonography. Results The average 24 h arterial pressure and 24 h systolic pressure,average cicardian systolic pressure and arterial pressure, average nocturnal systolic pressure, atrial premature heat, atrial tachycardia, ischemic ST segment, T wave change, average heart rate, and nocturnal heart rate were significantly higher in Utgur nationality group than in Han nationality group（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. The incidence of carotid plaques and coronary stenosis was significantly lower in Han nationality group than in Uygur nationality group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The blood pressure is higher in aged Xinjiang Uygur nationality patients who are easier to have complications of coronary heart disease and/or diabetes, metabolic disturbance, atrial arrhythmia,myocardial ischemia and IMT than Han nationality patients.