基于激光跟踪仪标定五轴数控加工中心主轴

Calibration of tool spindle for 5-axis CNC machine using laser tracker

为了满足高精度加工大口径光学元件的需求,对原有的三轴机械加工中心上进行了一系列技术改造,从而实现了光学元件的五轴数控加工。介绍了三轴系统数控加工中心到五轴数控加工中心的改造过程,并提出了一种标定改造后主轴参数的方法。该方法运用高精度激光跟踪仪建立坐标系、采集数据,计算系统几何参数,由此对主轴的杆长、摆角等参数进行精确标定和精度分析。结果显示,角度量标定精度优于10.000″,长度量标定精度优于0.040mm。实验证实提出的方法对类似的工作具有普适性。

To meet the requirements of large aperture optical elements for high precision manufactur- ing, a 3-axis Computer Numerical Control（CNC） milling machine was reconstructed into a 5-axis CNC one to implement the hardware improvement. The reconstructing process from the 3-axis machine to the 5-axis one was introduced, and a method to calibrate the parameters of the tool spindle was put forward. The method used a higher precision laser tracker to build coordinate systems, collect data and calculate geometric parameters, then to obtain the calibrating results of the rod length and swing angle for the tool spindle. Precision analysis shows that the angular precision is better than 10. 000＂ and the length precision is better than 0. 040 mm. The proposed method can also be applied to similar tasks.