空间摄像机热控系统设计

Thermal design for space cameras

根据摄像机所处空间环境和结构特点,设计它的热控系统,同时进行了热平衡试验来验证热设计的合理性。首先,总结了摄像机热设计的准则,分析了摄像机所处的空间热环境。然后,对摄像机的各个部分进行了热设计;采用被动热控措施进行热隔离和热疏导,充分利用了摄像机所搭载的卫星平台的热容;采用主动热控措施将温度控制在热控指标范围之内。最后,根据摄像机的热环境和各种工作模式设计了4种极端试验工况,并进行了热平衡试验。试验结果表明,摄像机在存储工况时,其温度与安装面温度相差3℃左右,满足存储温度指标要求;低温工况和高温工况时,其整机温度为-3.1℃和45.7℃,镜头温度为-4.5℃和46.8℃,均满足热控指标要求。试验结果证实设计的空间摄像机热控系统合理可行。

A thermal control system for space cameras was designed according to its space environ- ments and structure characteristics. Firstly, the thermal design guidelines of space cameras were sum- marized, and the thermal environment of a space camera was analyzed. Then, the thermal design of the space camera was carried out. By utilizing the thermal capacitance of a satellite, the passive ther- mal control was used for thermal isolation and thermal transmission and the active thermal control was conducted to implement the temperature compensation. Finally, four extreme test conditions were de- signed and thermal balance tests were undertaken according to various work patterns and different thermal environments. The test results show that the temperature difference is 3 °C between the space camera and the fitting surface, which meets the system requirements for storage work conditions. Furthermore, the whole space camera temperatures are --3.1 °C and 45.7 °C, the lens temperatures are --4.5 °C and 46.8 °C in the low temperature and high temperature work conditions, respectively, and they meet the thermal control system requirements. In conclusions, the thermal design of thospace camera is feasible and reasonable.