略论南朝石柱上的露髻力士

Muscular Men on the Pillars of the Southern Dynasties

南朝石柱上的露髻力士的赤膊短裤、头露发髻的装束应与古代力士的形象是一脉相沿的。《水经注》的一条记载表明早在秦代,力士就作为一种神像被王侯用于建筑物上,后世的南朝石柱可能也是用此力士神像求得长久的镇固作用,并且在形制上受到秦代祖型的影响。力士形象并非一些学者推测的与佛教文化有关,而应是中国本土实用主义的泛神崇拜。此外,南朝石柱力士面露嬉笑的艺术形象,很可能是受到马王堆1号汉墓T形帛画力士风格的影响。

The image of muscular men on the tomb pillars of the Southern Dynasties-stripped to the waist, in short pants, and with hair tied on top-is supposed to be in accordance with that of ancient times in general. As recorded in Shuijingzhu （commentary to the river classic）, as early as in the Qin Dynasty muscular men＇ s image had been used in architectures as a divine figure. Its appearance on the pillars of the Southern Dynasties could also be of divine use for reinforcement; the body figure reflects a Qin influence. The muscular men＇ s image was likely a result of the Chinese pantheistic worship influenced by pragmatism instead of relating to Buddhism as some scholars assumed. Besides, the smiling faces of the muscular men depicted on the pillars of the Southern Dynasties may have been influenced by that on the T-shaped paintings unearthed from Mawangdui No.1 tomb.