云南植烟土壤肥料利用率研究

Study on Fertilizer Utilization Rate in Tobacco Growing Soils in Yunnan

通过对云南不同烟区植烟土壤肥料利用率进行试验研究,结果表明:不同植烟土壤的N、P、K肥利用率存在差异,以昆明水稻土和文山红壤的N、P、K肥料利用率较高;不同土壤类型及质地差异与肥料利用率之间也存在差异,质地粘重的肥料利用率较低,如曲靖黄壤平均只有15.54%;壤土的肥料利用率较高,如文山红壤平均达到38.28%;肥料利用率与土壤养分含量呈负相关,土壤养分含量高则肥料利用率低,反之亦然。红壤的N肥利用率较高(73.63%),黄壤较低(31.70%),水稻土和紫色土居中,为50%～60%之间,平均为54.71%,故土壤养分含量高,其肥料的利用率低。通过研究,以期为烤烟大面积生产施肥提供参考。

The results from the study on fertilizer utilization efficiency in soils of different tobacco growing areas in Yunnan showed that there existed difference on N P K fertilizer efficiency rates among different tobacco growing soils.The N P K fertilizer utilization rates in Kunming ＇ s paddy soil and in Wenshan ＇ s red soil were higher than the other areas;and fertilizer utilization rates were varied in different soil types and textures,it tended as the heavier the soil,the lower the fertilizer use efficiency,took Qujing for example,the yellow soil （a kind of heavy soil） in this area the fertilizer utilization rate was merely 15.54%,while in red soil of Wenshan,it reached 38.28% in average;the fertilizer utilization efficiency was negatively correlated with the soil nutrition level,it demonstrated that the higher the soil nutrition,the lower the fertilization efficiency,and vice versa.Red soil had higher nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate （73.63%）,and for yellow soil,it was rather lower （31.70%）,for paddy soil and purple soil,the fertilizer utilization rates were in the medium ranging between 50%-60%,54.71% average.The results could be concluded that soil with higher nutrition level,its fertilization efficiency could be lower.The results could be used as reference for large scale leaf tobacco production fertilization.