献血者中ALT不合格的影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factor on rejection of voluntary donors with abnormal serum ALT levels

目的了解长沙地区无偿献血者中不合格丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)的检测结果及影响因素,为降低ALT不合格率提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法,收集2010年6月～2011年6月长沙地区8 000名无偿献血者资料,用单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析ALT不合格的各种原因。结果 8 000份资料中ALT不合格率为5.56%。单因素分析显示:年龄、性别、职业、学历和季节各自组内比较,献血者ALT的不合格率差异均显著(χ2值分别为108.20、223.45、117.00、11.687和153.05,均P<0.05);血型和献血次数各自组内比较,差异均无显著性(χ2值分别为2.304和1.408,均P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析:男性ALT不合格可能性高于女性;夏季危险性高于春、秋和冬季;干部和公务员不合格可能性高于其它职业;年龄段18～30岁低于30～55岁;多次献血者低于初次献血者。其中前三位危险因素分别是男性(优势比OR=8.391)、夏季(OR=5.759)和干部公务员(OR=4.094)。结论 ALT不合格的单因素和多因素分析虽然存有差异,但年龄、性别、季节和职业对ALT不合格的影响是一致的,此对建立一支低危、相对固定的无偿献血队伍提供了有效的途径。

[ Objective ] To study the situation and influencing factors of voluntary donors with abnormal ALT levels in Changsha city, and provide scientific basis for reducing the rejection ratio of donors with abnormal ALT levels. [ Methods ] A retrospective study was performed to 8 000 datum randomly collected from June 2010 to June 2011 in Changsha, the influencing factors of abnormal ALT was explored by univariate and unconditional logistic regression analysis. [ Results ] The rejection ratio of abnormal ALT is 5.56%. Univariate analysis reveals that： Intra-group comparison： age groups, gender, professions, academic credentials and seasons have significant difference （X2= 108.20, 223.45,.117.00, 11.687 and 153.05, respectively, P 〈0.05）. But blood type and times of donating blood have no difference （X2=2.304, 1.408, respectively, P 〉0.05）; Multifactorial logistic regression analysis shows that： The pos- sibility of male ALT rejection is higher than female donors; The possibility of summer is higher than spring, autumn and winter; The cadre and civil servant is higher than other vocations; The age groups 18 to 30 is lower 31 to 55; The repeated donors is lower the first time donors; The male donors （OR=8.391）, summer （OR=5.759） and the cadre and civil servant （OR=4.094） are the first three elements. [ Conclusion ] There are some differences between uni- variate and multifactorial logistic regression analysis. But age, gender, season and profession are unanimous, which provides an effective access to set up a regular donor group with low risk.