大兴安岭生态沟系典型森林植被水源涵养功能的研究

Study on Water Conservation Function of Forest in Ecological Valley in Daxing’anling

以黑龙江省大兴安岭地区生态沟系3种典型森林类型的持水功能特点为研究对象,应用系统论和水分平衡原理,对森林土壤物理性质、土壤蓄水能力、枯落物蓄水能力以及林冠截留量等进行比较分析。研究表明:林冠截留是林内主要的降水再分配途径,对森林的水分调蓄具有重要作用。水源涵养能力最强的为针阔混交林(1259.07t/hm2),其次为灌木林(1046.23t/hm2),最弱的为落叶松林(663.56t/hm2),针阔混交林林地有着很强的水源涵养和调节能力;灌木林对土壤结构有着良好的改善作用。研究结果为大兴安岭地区今后开展森林水土保持功能的量化研究及造林的林型结构提供了科学依据。

Taking the water conservation funtion of 3 kinds of typical forest types in ecology ditch department of Daxing＇ anling area in Heilongjiang Province as research physical properties of forest soil, soil water-storage capacity, object, this study made comparative analysis to water-storage capacity of litter and interception quantity of forest crown by using system theory and water balance principle. The study showed that forest crown interception was the main way for precipitation redistribution in forest and played an important role in regulation and storage of water of forest. Mixed coniferous had the strongest ability of headwater conservation with （1259.07 t/hm2）, followed by shrub （1046.23 t/hm2）, the weakest for the larch forest （663.56 t/hm2）. The land of conifer and broadleaf mixed forest had very strong ability of water conservation and regulation. The scrub forest took good improveme quantification research on develop forestations of Daxing＇ anling area. nt function on soil structure. These resuhs provided a scientific basis for ing conservation function of water and soil of forest and forest structure of