论张爱玲散文中幽默的真性守望

On the Expectation of Perfect Human Nature in Eileen Chang' s Humorous Essays

张爱玲的散文以世俗琐事入笔,谐趣生动地描写普通市民的生存状态,表达对社会人生的理性认识,呈现对卑微生命的哲学思考。散文中的幽默话语有的合乎现代言语幽默语言学层面的标记信息量原则;有的通过漫画的笔触突出放大局部描写,造成与常规认知框架不一致的现象,形成读者的认知反差,产生幽默效果;有的则是通过嘲讽或自嘲人性缺陷,渲染世俗生活的繁琐,在贬抑之后反映的是真实性情的比量标准。散文中的幽默元素不仅为从语言学层面考察现代汉语幽默提供素材,更为现代汉语幽默在审美范畴提供典范。散文中呈现的幽默观既是对人性缺陷、文化固执的嘲讽,更是对真挚、自然的守候。

Eileen Chang＇s essays are mainly concerned about the trifles with a little ludicrous and witty tone, describing the common people＇s daily life and emotional states and exploring the deep- level philosophy of life and rational thoughts about drab life.Some humorous discourses in her essays satisfy the marked informativeness requirement,a modern linguistics theory of humor.Some make the cognitive biasing effects to evoke humorous effects via the comic tone.Moreover,other humorous words represent the modern Chinese culture＇s viewpoints of humor advocated by Lin Yutang：while mocking the imperfect of human nature and satirizing the stubborn and rigid side of society,the intellectual should expect the true and perfect human nature.Eileen Chang＇s viewpoint of humor displays the expectation of perfect human nature in disguise of satirizing the weakness of human nature and criticizing the stubborn of Chinese culture.