埃及吹绵蚧在园林植物上的空间分布型研究

The study on spatial distribution pattern of Icerya aegyptiaca(Douglas) in ornamental plants

埃及吹绵蚧Icerya aegyptiaca是一种重要的园林害虫,近来年在华南地区城市绿化植物上的为害呈上升趋势。本文以深圳笔架山公园为样地,调查了园区79株植物上埃及吹绵蚧的频度,分别拟合了泊松分布、奈曼分布和负二项分布,通过卡方检验,结果显示埃及吹绵蚧的频度数据仅符合负二项分布,说明埃及吹绵蚧在野外的种群空间分布是以核心大小不等、疏密相间的聚集状态为特性。分析认为埃及吹绵蚧随着种群规模变化、植物分布和气候等因素,也有可能表现为其他的分布态势,但是聚集分布可能是其种群发展所趋向的稳定分布格局。

Icerya aegyptiaca （Douglas） was regarded as a serious pest on ornamental plants in south China, which caused damage on wide range of host plants and becoming critical to management of urban landscape. The frequency of I. aegyptiaca on ornamental plants in Bijiashan garden of Shenzhen city was investigated on August, 2010. 3160 samples were obtained from 79 trees. The data was analyzed and fit to distribution patterns of Poisson, Neyman and Negative binomial respectively. According to Chi-square test, Negative binomial distribution was well-suited only. The result indicated that spatial distribution of I. aegyptiaca population featured nucleus in variety and inter-phase density. It implied that distribution pattern of I. aegyptiaca might vary according to population development, host plants or climate but Nega- tive binomial distribution pattern are in all probability to be a evolution stable strategy on the field.