SGQ-320型气体钻井用贯通式潜孔锤的研制

Development of SGQ-320 Type Reverse Circulation DTH Hammer Used in Gas Drilling

常规空气锤钻井技术在石油钻探领域得到了较大的发展和应用,为气动潜孔凿岩工具的发展和使用提供了广阔空间。在系统分析总结反循环空气锤气体钻井技术优势的基础上,详细介绍了SGQ-320型贯通式潜孔锤的组成及工作原理、关键结构参数及零部件的设计、性能参数仿真计算等整个研制的思路和过程。根据拟施工的井眼尺寸,以满足钻头体积碎岩所需冲击能量为前提,计算确定活塞的质量及关键参数,进行具体结构设计,并利用计算机模拟仿真程序辅助进行性能参数设计。SGQ-320型贯通式潜孔锤已完成室内调试,各项性能指标均达到了预期设计要求。该工具的成功研制为石油钻探提供了新的技术支持,能够融合气体钻井、冲击旋转钻井、反循环钻井三者优势,提高复杂地层、深井硬岩地层钻井速度。

The conventional air hammer drilling technology has been developed rapidly and used widely in oil and gas underbalanced drilling,and its successful application provides a wide space for the develop ment and application of pneumatic downthehole hammer （DTH）. Based on the systematic analysis and summary of the advantages of reverse circulation air hammer used in gas drilling, the design thoughts and development process of SGQ-320 type hollowthrough DTH was introduced in detail, including its struc ture composition and working principle, key structure parameters and parts design, simulation computation of performance parameters, etc. According to the wellbore size to be drilled,in order to meet the demand of impact energy for rock fragmentation, the mass and key structure parameters of piston were determined firstly, and then the structure and performance parameters of SGQ-320 type hollowthrough DTH were de signed with computer simulation program. By far, the indoor tests of SGQ-320 type hollowthrough DTH had been done,and all of the performance parameters met the design demands. The development of SGQ- 320 type hollowthrough DTH can supply the favorable technical support for enhancing the drilling speed in complex, deep and hard strata by integration of three kinds of drilling techniques： air drilling,percussive rotary drilling and reverse circulation drilling.