快速城市化地区土地利用变化及驱动因素分析--以广东省东莞市为例

Land Use Change and Its Driving Factors in Rapidly Urbanized Area Based on Remote Sensing——A Case Study of Dongguan City,Guangdong Province

以东莞市为研究区域,利用5期不同时相的Landsat TM/ETM+遥感影像,从土地利用数量变化、土地利用重心转移和土地利用变化的空间分异特征3方面探讨了研究区的土地利用变化特征,并采用定性与定量相结合的方法从自然和人文两方面分析了土地利用变化的驱动因素。研究结果表明:(1)1988—2005年,东莞市土地利用变化总的态势是耕地大幅减少,城镇用地迅速扩张。(2)各土地利用类型重心转移距离较大,且农业用地的重心转移方向和城镇用地重心转移方向大致相反。(3)耕地分布的空间正相关性减弱,城镇用地分布的空间正相关性增强。(4)经济发展与人口增长是东莞市土地利用变化的主要驱动因素;由于地形条件的限制,土地利用变化剧烈的区域主要集中在海拔低、坡度缓的区域。

Taking Dongguan City as the study area and applying satellite images of the Landsat TM/ETM＋ in five different times,authors discussed characteristics of land use changes in the three aspects of the quantitative change,centric migration,and spatial differentiation of land uses and analyzed its driving factors from natural and human perspectives.Results from the study showed that（1） from 1988 to 2005,the overall land use change was the greatly decreased farmland and rapidly expanded urban land;（2） gravity centers of all the land uses moved far away and centric migration of farmlands was basically opposite to that of urban land;（3） spatial autocorrelation for farmlands was deceased and that for urban lands was enhanced;（4） economic development and population growth were the main driving factors for land use changes in the study area and land uses in the area with low altitude and gentle slope changed more rapidly because of topographical conditions.