巨尾桉工业原料林地与不同土地利用类型坡面产流产沙特征对比分析

Comprative Analysis of Slope Runoff and Sediment Yield from Eucalytus Grandis×E.Urophylla Industrial Plantations and Other Land Use Types

为了进一步探讨巨尾桉工业原料林地与不同土地利用类型的水土流失规律,采用坡面径流小区试验法,对巨尾桉工业原料林地与不同土地利用类型坡的产流产沙特性进行了比较研究。结果表明,巨尾桉林地有较好的调节径流和减少土壤侵蚀的作用,荒草地的产流量最多,分别是灌木林地和巨尾桉林的1.1倍和1.9倍,不同地类的产流量大小为:荒草地>灌木林地>巨尾桉林地,巨尾桉林地与荒草地之间的径流量存在极显著差异,而与灌木林地之间差异显著。灌木林地的产沙量最高,分别是荒草地和巨尾桉林地的1.3倍和2.9倍,不同地类的产沙量大小排序为:灌木林地>荒草地>巨尾桉林,巨尾桉林地与灌木林地之间的产沙量存在极显著差异,而与荒草地之间差异显著。巨尾桉林地的产流量与产沙量分别比荒草地减少47.83%和55.90%。不同地类的坡面产沙量与产流量之间都不存在线性相关。研究结果为科学和客观地认识巨尾桉工业原料林的地表径流和产沙之间的关系,以及水土保持效益,并为巨尾桉工业原料林的可持续经营管理提供理论基础和科学依据。

In order to investigate soil erosion processes for the Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla industrial plantations and other land use types,a comparative study of the characteristics of runoff and sediment yields from various slopes was made by runoff plot experiment.Results showed that E.grandis×E.urophylla plantations could better adjust runoff and reduce soil erosion.Among the three land use types investigated,runoff yielded from grassland was the most,which was 1.1 times of that from shrubland and 1.9 times of that from the E.grandis×E.urophylla plantations.Land uses,in terms of runoff yield,ranked in the descending order of grassland,shrubland,and E.grandis×E.urophylla plantations.Runoff yield between the E.plantations and grassland was very significantly different,while runoff yield between E.grandis×E.urophylla plantations and shrubland,significantly different.However,sediment yielded from shrubland was the highest,which was 1.3 times of that from grassland and 2.9 times of that from E.grandis plantations.Land uses,in terms of sediment yield,was in the descending order of shrubland,grassland,and E.grandis×E.urophylla plantations.There was very significant difference in sediment yield between the E.grandis×E.urophylla plantations and shrubland and significant difference in sediment yield between the E.grandis×E.urophylla plantations and grassland.Runoff yield from E.grandis×E.urophylla plantations was 47.83% less than that from grassland and sediment yield,55.90% less.There was no linear relation between runoff yield and sediment yield from different land use types.The results from the study provide not only more scientific and objective assessments for the relationship between runoff yield and sediment yield from E.grandis×E.urophylla plantations and the benefits of soil and water conservation,but also a theoretical basis and scientific evidences for its sustainable management.