含油气盆地古构造恢复方法研究及进展

Advances of paleostructure restoration methods for petroliferous basin

含油气盆地古构造与油气的成烃、成藏关系密切,但目前已有的古构造恢复方法均具有一定的局限性,制约了油气的勘探开发。该文分析总结了古构造恢复方法发展至今形成的"宝塔图"法、厚度图法、平衡剖面法、地震属性恢复古构造法、三维空间古构造恢复法、同一变形体古构造恢复法等诸多方法,并分别指出了各种方法的适用范围和在实际应用中存在的问题。剥蚀量恢复、去断层、去褶皱、去压实校正及古水深校正等是古构造恢复中的关键技术,能否合理运用这些技术将直接影响到古构造恢复的准确性。文中对这些关键技术作了详细分析,此外还归纳了古构造恢复中存在的主要问题,并指出了古构造恢复方法未来的发展趋势。

The paleostructure restoration for petroliferous basin has a close relationship with the hydrocarbon generation and accumulation, and the existed methods of paleostructure restoration have certain limitations and restrict the exploration and development of oil and gas. This paper analyzed the methods of the paleostructure restoration including pagoda chart,isopach map,balanced section,paleostrueture restoration through seismic attributes, paleostructure restoration in three dimensional space and the reconstruction of the same deformable body, and pointed out the application conditions and problems of each method in practice. The recovery of eroded amount, de-fanh and de-fold, de- compaction and correction of ancient water depth are inevitable key technologies. Whether we can use the technologies reasonably influences the accuracy of the paleostrueture restoration. It also put forward the development trends of paleostructure restoration method, which provides instructions for the paleostructure restoration.