放射性^(131)I污染饮水净化简易装备的研究

Simple Equipment for Handling Radioactive ^(131)I Contamination of Drinking Water

目的:研究如何用药物和装备处理核电站131I泄露导致的饮用水污染。方法:采用混凝法、砂滤或活性炭过滤法、离子交换树脂过滤法等筛选最佳处理污染水源的药物及用量;将最佳药物用于装置内,做3次试验,观察装置处理污水的有效率。结果:用混凝剂消除131I可达到50.3%～95.2%;用沙滤方法可除去131I 13.7%;用阴阳离子交换树脂处理可除去131I 82.9%～92.6%;总计可除去131I 99.57%～99.99%。结论:该放射性污染饮水净化简易装备能除去131I达99.57%～99.99%,符合灾害条件下饮水指标。

Objective To deal with the contamination of drinking water leaded by the leaked 131I from nuclear power plants using drugs and equipment.Methods The best drugs and dosage for the treatment of contaminated water were chosen through coagulation method,sand filtration or activated carbon filtration and ion exchange resin filtration.The best drugs were used for the device,and the effective ratio of treatment by the device was observed after 3 times experiments.Results The eliminating ratio by using coagulants could reach to 50.3%-95.2%;that for sand filtration method was 13.7%,and that for anion and cation exchange resin treatment was 82.9%-92.6%.The total eliminating ratio of 131I was 99.57%-99.99 %.Conclusion The simple equipment for the company to handle the radioactive contamination of drinking water can remove 99.57%-99.99% 131I,which is in line with the drinking water standard in disaster conditions.