新疆灰枣一年生枣头枝抗寒力测定分析

Annual Branch Cold Resistance Measuring of Xinjiang Huizao Jujube(Zizyphus jujuba Mill.)

【目的】测定分析灰枣(Zizyphus jujuba Mill.)一年生枣头枝抗寒力,筛选出抗寒相关的关键生理指标,为有效评价不同栽培管理条件下新疆灰枣越冬抗寒能力,制定合理的冬季安全越冬技术措施提供理论依据。【方法】设置9个胁迫低温处理,测定并分析不同胁迫处理后灰枣一年生枣头枝的半致死温度(LT50)、枝条组织活力、保护酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、渗透调节物质(可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸)含量等指标。【结果】灰枣一年生枣头枝的半致死温度分别为-29.72℃;不同组织抗寒能力存在强弱差异,以形成层和髓部抗寒性最强;随着胁迫温度的降低,MDA含量持续增加;SOD、POD和CAT活性峰值的激发胁迫温度接近LT50,胁迫温度低于半致死温时,保护酶活性明显下降;游离脯氨酸含量与相对电导率之间存在极显著的正相关关系。【结论】相对电导率和游离脯氨酸含量可作为灰枣抗寒力评价的关键生理指标,髓部TTC染色结果可作为组织冻害的鉴别依据。

[Objective]The purpose of the project was to measure the annual Xinjiang Huizao jujube （Zizyphus jujuba Mill. ） in order to select its correlated key physiology indexes m different cultivated conditions, and provide the reference to make proper hibernation technology practical. [ Method] Annual branches of Xinjiang Huizao jujube of 9 treatments were measured and analyzed with indexes of lethal temperature （ LTso）, so were the different tissue activity, enzyme activity, MDA value, and osmoregulation substance value. [ Result ] LTso of annual branch of Xinjiang Huizao jujube is - 29.72~C. Cold resistance differs obviously among branch tissues in which cambium and medullas show better cold resistance than others. MDA value increases continuously during cold stress temperature dropping. Activity peak values of SOD, POD and CAT of Huizao jujube annual branch appear at the temperature about LT50, and then drop rapidly at lower temperature. Significant positive correlation shows between proline value and relative conductance. [ Conclusion ] Key physiology indexes for evaluating annual branch cold resistance of Huizao jujube included relative conductance and proline value. Medulla TTC staining is the key of tissue identification for freeze injury.