汽车安全气囊展开过程的仿真算法

Simulation Methods of Automotive Airbag Deployment

对气袋织物的各向异性材料模型进行研究,将织物的拉伸和剪切仿真与试验结果对比,以验证材料模型的准确性.分别采用控制体积法(Control Volume,CV)与近年来新开发的粒子法(Corpuscular Method,CPM),对平铺与折叠气囊展开进行数值模拟,并对比气囊展开形态和压力结果对比.结果表明,CV方法只适用于IP(In-Position)乘员与气囊作用的仿真模拟,而CPM方法可模拟出气囊展开初期的高速气流运动,且计算效率较高,适用于OOP(Out-of-Position)乘员与气囊的相互作用仿真.

A study was made of the accuracy of anisotropic material model for airbag fabric. The material tensile and shear simulation results were compared with experimental results to verify the validity of material model. Then the deployment of flat and folded airbag was simulated, based on control volume （CV） method and recently developed corpuscular method （CPM） separately. And the simulation results were compared and discussed. It is concluded that CV method is only suitable for simulating the airbag and IP occupant interaction, while CPM accounts for the interaction of high speed gas flow and airbag fabric in the early phase of deployment, and it can be applied to simulating the interaction of out-of-position （OOP） occupant and airbag with high computational efficiency.