中国社会保障管理体制变迁研究(1949—2010)

Study on the Transition of China's Social Security Management System from 1949 to 2010

新中国成立60多年来,伴随着政治、经济、社会形势的变化与发展,社会保障管理体制的变迁大致经历了三个阶段:1949—1956年是社会保障管理体制的创建阶段;1957—1984年是计划经济时期社会保障管理体制的曲折发展阶段;1985—2010年是向市场经济转轨时期社会保障管理体制的改革探索阶段。中国对社会保障事务的管理却一直是几个部门主管加几个部门协管的共同管理格局,其中劳动部门和民政部门发挥着最为重要的作用。未来中国社会保障管理体制改革,要在遵循社会保障发展基本规律和充分考虑国情的前提下,各相关部门统筹决策,科学管理,稳步推进。

With the change and development of political, economic and social situations, the transition of social security management system has three stages since new China＇ s foundation about 60 years ago. The first stage is the establishment stage of socialsecurity management system from 1949 to 1956 ; the second stage is its tortuous development stage in the planned economy period from 1957 to 1984; the third stage is its reform and exploration stage in the market economy transitional period from 1985 to 2010. However, China＇ s social security affairs have long been co-managed by departments with other departments assisting them. Among these departments, labor and civil affairs departments play the most important role. The future reform of social security management system in China must follow the basic principles of social security ＇ s development and take China＇ s situation into full consideration. Relevant departments should be cooperative in decision-making, managing social security affairs scientifically and promoting the development steadily.