对马耳蕨孢子囊早期发育的显微结构研究

Light microscope studies on the early development of sporangium in Polystichum tsus simense(Hook.) J.Smith(Dryopteridaceae)

利用光镜对对马耳蕨(Polystichum tsus-simense)孢子囊的早期发育进行研究.结论如下:对马耳蕨孢子囊起源于羽状叶的一个表皮细胞,经过横分裂和斜向分裂形成外套层原始细胞和内部细胞,外套层原始细胞分裂分化成孢子囊壁,内部细胞发育形成内外绒毡层和孢子母细胞,孢子母细胞减数分裂形成孢子四分体.在发育过程中,孢子囊腔内先后出现了孢囊被和孢子被.对马耳蕨孢子囊的发育类型属于薄囊蕨型.揭示了对马耳蕨孢子囊的早期发育规律,为蕨类植物的发育生物学和系统进化提供科学依据.

The formation and early development of sporangium of the fern Polystichum tsus simense （Hook.）J. Smith （Dryopteridaceae） were studied by light microscope. The results areas follow： The sporangia arise from single-celled epithelial initials on pinnae. Division of the single initial produced the internal cell and the jacket initial cells that differentiated into the sporangium wall. The internal cell leads to the tapeta and the spore mother cells that produce tetrahedral spores after meiosis. At last, the spore has an aperture. The sporocyte coat and sporecoat are visible during the development. The early development of sporangium of the fern Polystichum tsus simense is eusporangiate type. This paper indicates the whole early development of sporangium, and provides basic information about the development bioloa, v and ,hvloeenv of ferns.