干扰素抗肿瘤个性化标记物研究进展

Advances in Individualized Markers of Interferon in Anti-Cancer Therapy

干扰素(interferon,IFN)是具有抗病毒、免疫调节和抗肿瘤等多种生物活性的细胞因子,可应用于治疗多种肿瘤,但在肿瘤治疗中的应用剂量往往较大,因此给患者带来较严重的不良反应,并且干扰素治疗仅能使部分患者获益。为了提高干扰素治疗的疗效,并降低其不良反应,近几年研究主要集中于探索其抗肿瘤机制和个性化标记物。最近研究发现,许多干扰素相关的基因和蛋白的表达水平不仅与肿瘤发生有关,还可预测干扰素治疗的敏感性和预后,如干扰素调节因子(interferon regulatory factor,IRF)、IFNAR2 mRNA、microRNA、IFITM-1等,其中检测外周血中的标记物极具有临床普及潜力。本文就近几年干扰素抗肿瘤个性化生物标记物的研究进展进行综述。

Interferon （ IFN ） is a cytokine with various biological functions, including antivirus, immuno-regulation and anti-tumor. It has been widely used in many anti-cancer therapies, including malignant melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, advanced renal-cell carcinoma, non-Hodgkin＇s lymphoma, chronic myelogenous leukemia and AIDS-related Kaposi＇s sarcoma. However, its effective dose is always very high, which may bring some serious side effects. Nevertheless, not all patients can benefit from the interferon therapy. In order to improve the curative effect of the interferon therapy, and lower its adverse side effects, the studies in recent years mainly focus on investigating the anti-tumor mechanism and the individualized markers of the interferon. So a problem we have faced is how to improve the efficiency and sensitivity of interferon？ To solve this problem, many studies have been launched to find the effective prognostic factors and individualized biomarkers for guiding the treatment better. In addition, further clarifying the anti-tumor mechanisms of interferon is for the benefit of explaining how the biomarkers can predict prognosis of the patients. In recent studies, the expression of many interferon-related genes and proteins is not only related to the oncogenesis, but can predict the sensitivity of interferon therapy and its prognosis, such as interferon regulatory factor, IFNAR2 mRNA, microRNA and IFITM-1. Among them, some factors in the peripheral blood are of great potential in popularization of clinical practice, such as CDShighCD57＋ lymphocyte levels in malignant melanoma, and serum IFNAR2 mRNA in mCRC. In this review, the advances of anti-tumorous individualized markers of interferon were briefly summarized.