传统商业街区风貌变迁的文化诠释——以中山市孙文西路为例

A Cultural Interpretation to the Change of Traditional Commercial District Features—The Case of Sun Wen Xi Street,Zhongshan City,China

传统商业街区是城市历史与文化的重要载体。经历了近30年的发展与建设,国内大量传统街区的风貌已发生了变迁,"千街一面"的趋势日益明显,阻碍了历史与文化传承。以中山市的孙文西路为例,以历史地理学视角为指导,通过参与式观察与非参与式观察、访谈等多种调查手段获得大量一手资料,从而梳理出孙文西路的传统风貌变迁过程,对这一变迁过程背后的文化推动机制进行了剖析。研究发现,孙文西路传统风貌的变迁是特定历史时期文化变迁的一种映射,变迁的趋势并不是主观的物质环境规划与设计所能决定的,而是相应的文化机制驱动的结果,培育良性的文化发育机制是历史城镇传统风貌保护的有效途径之一。

The Traditional Commercial District（TCD） is an important carrier of a city＇s history and culture.After a 30-year-long development and construction,many domestic TCDs experienced apparent features changes,while mostly resulting in the facelessness that impeded the inheritance of history and culture.The Sun Wen Xi Street,Zhongshan City,China,is such a typical case for research.Based on the perspective of historical geography and a wealth of original materials collected through participatory/non-participatory observation and interviews,this study illustrates the features change of Sun Wen Xi Street,analyzes the impetus mechanism of culture to such a change from the cultural interpretation aspect.It is found that the traditional features change of Sun Wen Xi Street was a reflection of cultural transition in specific periods of history,and thus the change was determined not by subjective physical planning or urban design but by cultural mechanism.The implication is that to cultivate an appropriate cultural development mechanism can be an effective way to protect the traditional features of historical district.