食用真菌深加工及综合利用研究

Studies on Refined Processing and Intergrated Utilization of Edible Fungi

对香菇菌盖的碱浸物、水浸物分别纯化,得到了Lea,Lew两种香菇多糖。对其进行纯度鉴定、分子量测定、旋光度测定、单糖组成及其摩尔比测定的结果表明:Lea与Lew是香菇多糖家族中的新成员。研制出的香菇松生产专用机械—擦菇松机,采用安装特殊揉搓装置,具有一定间隙的内外滚筒的相对旋转,将锅巴状物料搓松。加工的香菇松疏松绵软,形似猴毛。工效是手工搓松的30倍左右。已筛选出麻辣型、美味型、清淡型三种配方,品尝试销结果满意。菌糠饲喂20～60kg生长肥育猪的效果研究结果表明:添加15%菌糠组与对照组比较,增重速度快1294%,饲料成本降低166%。

Shiitake cap alkali-extracted and waterextracted components were purified respectively to give two kinds of shiitake polysaccharides (Lea,Lew).The results of their purity identification,molecular number test,specific rotation test,monosaccharide components and molecular ratio test showed that Lea and Lew were two kinds of new members in shiitake polysaccharide clan. After inside and outside rolling tube-shaped object with some certain interstice (special grinding equipment)of the grinding floss machine(special machine producing shiitake floss)studied and produced by us rotated relatively,shiitake stem was processed into soft shiitake floss like monkey fur.Machine operation was 30 times or so efficient as high as manual operation.Three kinds of shiitake floss compositions(tingling and peppery type,delicate type,tasty type)were choosed,and their tasting and trial sale results were satisfied. The result of study on effect of shiitake substrate waste upon pig(20～60kg)showed that weight increase of substrate waste group (15%) was 12 94% higher than that of check group,fodder cost 16 6% lower.