海口市城市绿地常见植物多样性调查及特征研究

The Investigation and Character Study of Common Plants Diversity in Haikou Urban Green Spaces

城市绿地的植物多样性是城市生态系统的重要组成部分,对城市的可持续发展具有重要意义。通过对海口城市绿地33个样地的调查表明,海口城市绿地常见植物72科187属298种(含品种);主体植物为华南地区常见种,多为栽培植物,另外,主体植物为少数种类占据,主要是椰子、福建茶、美人蕉等;外来植物占植物总数的55%,占有较大比例,其中部分外来植物对当地生态系统构成威胁。通过分析发现,因大量外来植物及栽培植物的存在,海口城市绿地植物多样性较高,但城市绿地实用功能略有不足,缺乏对植物多样性的保护功能,因而进一步完善城市绿地的功能结构非常必要。

Plant biodiversity of urban green spaces is an important factor in urban ecosystem and also plays a big role in the sustainable urban development.According to a total of 33 sampled areas in Haikou,298 plants species（including cultivars） belonging to 187 genera and 72 families were surveyed.The main body of plants in Haikou city is all common species in Southern China which is mainly occupied by cultivars and species such as Cocos nucifera,Carmona microphylla,Canna indica.The exotic plants represent 55% of total plants,a few of which even threaten local ecosystem.Through the analysis,it was founded that the plants diversity in Haikou is very high because of the large amount of exotic plants and cultivars.And the function of Haikou urban green spaces is simple for lacking of biodiversity protection;therefore the functional structure of urban green space should be improved in future.