多焦视网膜电流图用于近视眼视网膜功能的研究

Study of multifocal electroretinogram in researching retinal function of myopia eyes

目的应用多焦视网膜电流图(mltifocal electroretinogram,mERG)探讨不同程度近视眼不同部位视网膜的功能状态,并与正常人作比较,评价其差异。方法收集我院眼科门诊就诊的18～32岁的病例68例(101眼),分为中低度近视组(23例40眼)、高度近视组(24例40眼)和正常对照组(21例21眼)。所有病例均应用德国罗兰公司的mERG仪记录各环N1波、P1波的潜伏期和振幅密度,再比较3组各检查结果之间的差别。结果 3组N1波和P1波的振幅密度在第1环最大,随离心度的增加而逐渐降低;潜伏期在第1环最小,随离心度增加而逐渐延长。经统计学处理,高度近视组N1波和P1波各环的振幅密度较正常对照组及中低度近视组低,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);中低度近视组与正常对照组N1波和P1波各环的振幅密度比较,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。高度近视组N1波P1波第1环潜伏期较正常对照组及中低度近视组延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高度近视眼mERG各环振幅密度较正常眼下降,1环潜伏期较正常眼延长;中低度近视眼与正常眼振幅密度及潜伏期无明显变化。

Objective To evaluate the changes of the retinal function in myopia patients with different diopter in different retinal site,and compare it with the normal.Methods Sixty-eight subjects（101 eyes） aged from 18 years to 32 years were enrolled in the study,and divided into three groups：low and medium myopia group（23 cases,40 eyes）,high myopia group（24 cases,40 eyes） and normal group（21 cases,21 eyes）.All cases underwent examination of multifocal electroretinogram using RETIscank produced by Roland in Germany,the latencies and amplitude densities of wave P1 and N1 in every ring were measured.Then the difference among three groups was also analyzed.Results The studies showed that the amplitude densities of three groups at 1 ring was the highest,which decreased rapidly followed by the increase of eccentricity,while the latencies was the shortest at 1 ring and delayed gradually followed by the increase of eccentricity.The amplitude densities of wave P1 and N1 in every ring in high myopia group was lower than that in low and medium myopia group and normal group,there were statistical differences（all P0.05）,while there was no statistical difference between low and medium myopia group and normal group（all P0.05）.The latencies of wave P1 and N1 at 1 ring in high myopia group was longer than that in low and medium myopia group and normal group,there was statistical difference（P0.05）,and there was no statistical difference among other groups（all P0.05）.Conclusion The amplitude densities of multifocal electroretinogram in high myopic eyes is lower than that in normal eyes,while the latencies at 1 ring is longer than normal eyes.There is no change in amplitude densities and the latencies between low and medium myopic eyes and normal eyes.