榕属植物提取物止泻作用的研究(英文)

Evaluation of the antidiarrheal activity of the plant extracts of Ficus species

目的:印度贾尔贡地区森林里的榕属植物多年来被当地人用来治疗腹泻。本研究根据当地人的用药传统选取3类榕属植物的特定部位来研究它们对不同大鼠腹泻模型的治疗及缓解作用。方法:不限性别地选取体质量在180~200 g的Wistar大鼠240只,在每个独立实验中,大鼠分别被分为8组,每组10只。通过蓖麻油诱导大鼠腹泻、大鼠胃肠蠕动测试及前列腺素E2诱导大鼠小肠淤积的3个独立实验来评估孟加拉榕树树皮、聚果榕树叶以及无花果叶的乙醇提取物治疗腹泻的作用。结果:孟加拉榕树树皮、聚果榕树叶和无花果叶的提取物具有显著抑制由蓖麻油诱发的大鼠腹泻及前列腺素诱导的大鼠小肠淤积的作用。当给予大鼠400、600 mg/kg的乙醇提取物时,腹泻显著减少。与标准对照药组对比,服用3种植物乙醇提取物的大鼠表现出显著的剂量依赖性腹泻缓解现象(P<0.01)。与蓖麻油诱导大鼠腹泻实验中的对照组相比,榕属植物的乙醇提取物被证实具有显著的降低粪便排泄量及排泄次数的作用(P<0.01)。所有的植物提取物具有显著减缓木炭餐在大鼠小肠内的推进速度并抑制由前列腺素E2引起的大鼠小肠淤积的作用。结论:印度贾尔贡地区的榕属植物具有止泻作用。这些植物的作用机制主要通过解痉和抗小肠淤积来缓解腹泻,这可能与榕属植物的乙醇提取物内含有鞣酸及类黄酮有关。

OBJECTIVE： The Khandesh region of Jalgaon district, India has a dense forest with plenty of medicinal plants which have been used as folklore medicines by the local people for many years. They use different parts of Ficus species to treat and cure diarrhea. Depending on the traditional use of some plants as antidiarrheal by local people of that region, the authors have selected three plants （specific parts） to evaluate their antidiarrheal activities in different animal models. METHODS： Wistar albino rats weighing 180 to 200 g of either sex were used in this study. There were eight groups for each individual study with 10 animals in each group. The antidiarrheal profile of the ethanolic extracts of the bark of Ficus bengalensis and the leaves of Ficus racemosa and Ficus carica from the region of Khandesh in Jalgaon district of Maharashtra, India were evaluated by different experimental models, namely, castor oil-induced diarrhea, gastrointestinal motility test, prostaglandin E2 （PGE2）-induced enteropooling in Wistar albino rats. RESULTS： The extracts of F. bengalensis （bark）, F. racemosa （leaves） and F. carica （leaves） showed significant inhibitory activities against castor oil-induced diarrhea and PGE2- induced enteropooling in rats. The ethanelic extracts at 400 and 600 mg/kg significantly inhibited diarrhea. There was a significant dose-dependent decrease in diarrhea produced by all the three models in rats as compared to that of the standard drug group （P^0.01）. Based on the results in experimental rat models, the ethanolic extract of Ficus species demonstrated significant reductions in faecal output and frequency of droppings when compared to the castor oil-treated rats （P〈0. 01）. All plant extracts also significantly retarded the propulsion of charcoal meal and significantly inhibited PGE2-induced enteropooling. CONCLUSION： All these plant materials can be claimed as potential antidiarrheal agents. Theunderlying mechanism appears to be spasmolytic and an anti-enteropooling property by which the different plant extracts produced relief in diarrhea. Tannins and flavonoids present in the plant extracts may be responsible for the antidiarrheal activity.