保水剂施用对丹参物质形成与养分利用的影响

Effects of Water Retentive Agent Application on the Matter Formation and Nutrient Utilization of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge

阐明保水剂在道地丹参种植中的应用效果有助于保水剂在丹参节水抗旱种植中的合理应用。利用盆栽试验,比较不同保水剂用量下丹参物质形成、氮磷钾养分的吸收与利用效率的差异。结果表明,施用保水剂能促进干物质的积累与分配,增加根/冠比和丹参产量;保水剂施用降低了土壤容重,适度的土壤容重减小有助于丹参高产;不同保水剂用量下氮磷钾养分在丹参根系与地上部中的吸收分配与积累、农艺利用效率存在明显差异,过高的剂量不利于丹参的生长与养分的吸收利用,适宜剂量能显著提高丹参产量和氮磷钾肥农艺利用效率。1.2～1.8g/kg干土的保水剂用量可作为田间丹参节水抗旱种植的参考用量。

Understanding the applied effects of water retentive agents （WRA） on Salvia rniltiorrhiza Bge （SMB） is helpful to use it reasonably in SMB field planting with resisting drought and saving water. The pa- per is to analyze the effects of different WRA application on the formation of SMB dry matter and the absorb- ability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and their use efficiencies with a pot culture experiment. The results showed that WRA application had a positive effect on the accumulation and distribution of SMB dry matter, which increased the root/shoot ratio and yield of SMB. WRA application decreased soil bulk density and the moderate decrease of soil bulk density would help gain higher SMB yield. Different WRA application caused the obvious differences in nutrient uptakes, the distributions and accumulations of nitrogen, phos- phorus and potassium within SMB root and shoot and their use efficiencies. The excessive WRA application was a great disadvantage to SMB growth and the absorption and utilization of fertilizer nutrients. Moderate amount of WRA application would significantly increase SMB yield and the agricultural use efficiency of ni- trogen9 phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. The recommended dosage of WRA is 1.2 g to 1.8 g per kilo- gram air-dry soil in SMB field planting to save water and resist drought.