黄河三角洲滩地土壤颗粒分形特征及其与土壤有机质的关系

Characteristics of Soil Particles and Their Correlation with Soil Organic Matter in Lowlands of the Yellow River Delta

土壤粒径分布影响土壤的水力特性、土壤肥力以及土壤侵蚀状况等,是重要土壤物理性状之一。以黄河三角洲滩地土壤为研究对象,利用单重与多重分形学理论和方法,对黄河三角洲滩地不同土地利用方式土壤的分形特征及其与土壤有机质的相关性进行研究。结果表明,不同土地利用方式对土壤单重分形维数D有显著影响,D值介于2.465 7～2.678 9,其中,林地的D值最大,粘粒含量最高,砂粒含量最低;而荒草地的D值最小,粘粒含量最低,砂粒含量最高;土壤粒径分布的多重分形参数D0(容量维数)、D1(信息维数)和D1/D0(信息维数/容量维数)的值因土地利用方式不同而出现规律性的趋势,均表现为刺槐林地>欧美杨林地>棉花地>荒草地;土壤单重分形和多重分形参数均与土壤有机质含量之间存在显著的相关性,而且普遍高于土壤质地与有机质的相关性。土壤分形及多重分形参数能较好地表征黄河三角洲滩地不同土地利用方式对土壤结构性状和土壤肥力的影响与改变,可为黄河三角洲滩地的治理与开发提供理论依据和技术指导。

Soil particle-size distribution is one of the most important physical attributes due to its strong influ- ence on soil properties related to water movement, productivity and soil erosion. The monofractal and multi- fractal characteristics of soil particles and their correlation with soil organic matter （SOM） under different land use patterns in lowlands of the Yellow River Delta were studied with the monofractal and multifractal theory and methods. The results showed that the monofractal dimension D of different land use patterns var- ied greatly, the value of D was between 2.465 7 and 2. 678 9. Among them, the value of forestland was the maximum, the clay content was highest, sand content was the lowest;the value of waste grassland was the minimum, the clay content was lowest, sand content was the highest; the multifractal parameters of soil par- ticle size distribution, Do （capacity dimension）, D1 （entropy dimension） and D1/Do （entropy dimension/ca- pacity dimension）, appeared regular trend due to different land use patterns, and all showed that. Black lo- cust〉European and American poplar〉cotton〉waste grassland; the parameters of monofractal and multi- fractal was significantly correlated to the content of SOM, and the degree of correlation was higher than that the correlation between soil texture and SOM. So soil fractal and multifractal parameters could better token the influence and change of soil structure and soil fertility with different land use patterns, and it could pro- vide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for land management and development in lowlands of the Yellow River Delta.