膜下滴灌对南疆杂交棉兆丰1号群体光合作用和产量的影响

Effects of Drip Irrigation under Mulclr on Canopy Apparent Photosynthesis and Yield Structure of Hybrid Cotton Zhao feng 1 in South Xinjiang

在田间试验条件下,以杂交棉兆丰1号为试验材料进行了不同膜下滴灌量的试验,探讨滴灌水量对南疆杂交棉花群体光合性能及产量的影响。结果表明,限量滴灌条件下棉田土壤水分亏缺,CAP和LAI降低,CR及CRP在盛花期上升,进入盛铃期以后又迅速下降,叶片MFLA增大,TCDP和TCRP增加,对光能的截获率降低。过量滴灌促进杂交棉生长势强的特性发挥,造成棉株营养体过旺,CLSC较高,但生育后期CR上升快,CAPP最低,光合物质累积量虽较高,分配到生殖器官中的同化物较少,产量下降。研究表明南疆地区兆丰1号的适宜滴灌定额为3 000～4 125 m3/hm2,产量达7 714.3～8 289.5 kg/hm2。

In the field experiment condition, taking hybrid cotton Zhaofeng 1 as trail materiel, the different quantities of drip irrigation were carried out to explore the effect of different drip irrigation on the canopy photosynthetic capacity and yield of hybridize cotton in South Xinjiang. The results showed that： in limited drip irrigation the soil moisture was deficit that led to CAP and LAI decreased, the CR and CRP raised in fully flowering but decreased rapidly in the full boot, MFLA ,TCDP and TCRP increased, the rate of light inter- cepts was reduced. Excess drip irrigation promoted the characteristics of strong growth potential of hybrid cotton, caused excess nutrients growth of cotton, CLSC became higher. But CR raised faster at later growth stage and CAPP minimum, though higher photosynthetic matter accumulation quantity was, the ratio of assimilate assigned to reproductive organs less, so production drawdown. Research showed that, the optimum drip irrigation volume was 3,000 - 4,125 m3/hm2 of the Zhaofeng 1, its yield reached to 7,714. 3 - 8, 289. 5 kg/hm2.