试论应用语境下的应用文写作原则

On the Principles of Practical Writing in the Context of Application

应用文写作是一种典型的书面交际方式,离不开特定的语境。基于对文本媒介重要性的认识,着重探讨应用语境下应用文文本行文者在写作过程中应遵守的诸多原则:遵守文本外部的客观规律原则,包括遵守相同或相异的文化背景原则和遵守应用文三大话语标记原则;遵守文本内部四大写作准则,即语量准则、语质准则、语义准则、礼貌准则,以最大限度地提高应用文的表达效果。

The paper discusses sorts of principles that the writer should follow in the context of application, based on the awareness of media. First, the objective laws outside the text, including the compliance with the same or different cultural background and the compliance with the three principles of discourse markers; second, the four criteria inside the text, namely, the principle of language amount, the principle of language quality, the principle of semantics and the principle of politeness. The proposal of these principles is to improve the expressive effect of practical writing.