不同种植形式与密度对咖啡农艺性状的影响

Effects of Different Planting Pattern on Agronomic Characters, Yield and Pests of Arabica coffee

以小粒种咖啡卡蒂姆CIFC7963(F6)为材料,就不同种植形式和密度对其主要农艺性状的影响进行了田间试验,结果表明,在本试验的种植形式及密度范围内,对植株株高、茎粗和冠幅的年均增长无显著影响,对钻蛀性害虫的危害率也差异不显著,但对咖啡植株最长一分枝长度与最长一分枝节数比而言,种植密度越小,其系数越小,果节越密,单株产量就越高。株行距0.6m×1.6m,每公顷种植10395株的种植形式的产量最高,每公顷产干豆达3735.6kg。综合考虑到单位面积产量、平均单株产量及农艺措施等因素,笔者推荐在德宏地区全光照的条件下,在坡地种植小粒种咖啡卡蒂姆CIFC7963(F6)的适宜种植形式为环山行定植,株行距为0.8m×1.8m或0.6m×1.8m,即种植密度为6930株·hm-2或9240株·hm-2;在缓坡和平地种植小粒种咖啡卡蒂姆CIFC7963(F6)的适宜种植形式为篱笆式种植,株行距0.8m×2.0m或0.6m×2.0m。

In our report, the effects of different planting pattern and planting density on main agronomic characters and pests of Arabica coffee were analyzed. The results suggested that the difference is not significant,but for the length of the longest first branch and the number of the longest first branching node,the smaller the planting density was,the smaller the rate was,the more fruit nodes, the higher yield per plant. The highest yield obtained from the planting pattern with planting spacing of 0.6 m× 1.6 m and the tree number of 693 per mu, and under which the yield per mu attained 249.04 kg dry parchment coffee.