放射治疗电离辐射剂量计

Ionizing Radiation Dosimeter Used in Radiotherapy

介绍了放疗剂量学中电离室、胶片、热释光、半导体、闪烁体、宝石和凝胶剂量计等剂量测量系统，比较了其准确度和精度、线性、剂量率响应、能量响应、方向性响应和空间分辨率等性能和参数，电离室剂量计用于射线束校准和检定，胶片剂量计单次照射可实现二维测量，热释光剂量计可进行点测量并基本组织等效，半导体剂量计响应灵敏度高，闪烁体、宝石剂量计空间分辨率高，凝胶剂量计可直接实现三维剂量测量。

The desirable characteristics of dosimeters used in radiotherapy were reviewed, including ionization chamber, film, luminescence, semiconductor, plastic scintillator, diamond, and polymer gel dosimeters. The accuracy and precision, linearity, dose rate dependence, energy response, directional dependence and spatial resolution of the radiation dosimeters were compared. And the advantage and disadvantage of the characteristics of the different dosimeters were further described.