干摩擦条件下不同滑板材料的摩擦磨损性能

Tribological properties of the different materials of the skid board under dry friction and wear

为研究不同滑板材料40CrNiMo、H13钢的耐磨性能,利用立式万能摩擦磨损试验机,将SiC硬质球做摩擦副试验材料进行干摩擦试验,磨损后表面形貌通过扫描电子显微镜进行分析.结果显示:H13材料明显比40CrNiMo耐磨性好;磨损形式主要表现为金属的塑性流动变形和剥层磨损.对于40CrNiMo组织中残余奥氏体强度、硬度低,塑性变形能力好,局部严重塑性变形导致在摩擦路径边缘产生金属挤出现象;摩擦过程中转变为脆性组织导致磨损失重增加.对于H13钢,合金元素含量高,热处理后碳化物弥散分布,残余奥氏体含量低,显著改善了钢的耐磨性能.

The tribological properties of 40CrNiMo and H13 steel under condition of dry friction and wear were studied by using vertical universal friction and wear tester with SiC ceramic ball as couple pair.The worn surface was examined by scan electrical microscope（SEM）.Experimental results show that H13 steel possesses better antiwear property than that of 40CrNiMo.The wear mechanism is plastic deformation and spalling.The residual austenite microstructure in 40CrNiMo has a good plastic deformation ability in respect of its strength and hardness.Serious plastic deformation in the local contact area results in metal protrusion on the fringe of the sliding track.The residual austenite maybe transforms into brittle martensite during friction and wear,which may cause increase of the wear mass loss.Dispersive carbides and lower content of the residual austenite can remarkably improve the antiwear property for 13 steel.