人工湿地在我国污染河水治理中的应用及去除效果统计分析

RECONSTRUCTED WETLANDS TO TREAT POLLUTED RIVER-POLLUTANT REMOVAL EFFICIENCY IN CHINA

对国内人工湿地处理污染河水的研究应用及发展进行了介绍和总结.湿地类型主要有表面流、水平潜流、垂直流和组合工艺,通过收集其所在地、占地面积、工艺流程、几何尺寸、填料、植物、进水浓度、水力负荷、水力停留时间及重铬酸盐指数(CODCr,简称COD)、高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)、5日生化需氧量(BOD5)、总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH4+-N)、硝态氮(NO3--N)、悬浮物(SS)等污染物去除率,构建了处理污染河水的各类型人工湿地资料库,并总结了各类型湿地在国内污染河水治理中的地理分布特点和湿地类型应用特点.统计分析各种类型湿地对各污染物的去除效果,并用t-test和one-way ANOVA进行差异性分析,结果表明垂直流及组合工艺人工湿地对污染河水中COD的去除效果明显优于表面流和水平潜流,各类型湿地对TN、NH4+-N、TP等氮磷污染物的去除效果差异并不显著,但垂直流及复合垂直流对TN、TP去除的稳定性优于其他3种类型.

Using reconstructed wetlands to treat polluted river has been in practice in China for some time.This involves wetlands for surface water flow,horizontal subsurface flow,vertical flow（integrated vertical flow included） and hybrid wetlands.The following design and operational parameters are considered： location,area,process,length to width ratio,substrates,vegetation,influent concentration,hydraulic loading,HRT,removal efficiency of CODMn,BOD,SS,TN,NO-3-N,NH＋4-N and TP.Database has been constructed for different types of reconstructed wetlands in treating polluted rivers.Differences in treatment efficiencies have been analyzed by t-test and one-way ANOVA.Data indicated that vertical flow and hybrid wetlands were significantly more efficient in COD removal.No difference was found among the four types of wetlands for the removal of TN,NH＋4-N and TP.