新西兰大白兔植入性下腔静脉癌栓模型的建立及评估

Establishment and evaluation of implanted inferior vena cava tumor thrombus model in New Zealand white rabbits

目的建立稳定的下腔静脉癌栓（IVCTT）动物模型并对其进行客观评估，为进一步临床治疗研究提供基础。方法1只新西兰大白兔皮下注入VX2肿瘤细胞株成荷瘤种兔。18只健康新西兰大白兔开腹后在下腔静脉前壁缝一荷包，将瘤条经荷包注入下腔静脉腔内，悬挂固定于内壁制成癌栓模型。术后观察兔的生物学行为、体质量及存活时间。多排螺旋CT（MDCT）观察术后瘤栓的生长及转移情况。兔自然死亡后，肉眼和光学显微镜下观察IVCTT及肝内外的转移情况。结果。MDCT和3D多平面重建（3D．MPR）均见下腔静脉内充盈缺损及下腔静脉阻塞后的侧支血管和转移灶。病理证实了下腔静脉管腔内癌栓的存在及转移病灶，下腔静脉腔内成瘤率达100％。平均存活时间为（49．5±4．4）d。结论成功建立了稳定的、可供影像学评估的IVCTT动物模型，并证实MDCT及3D-MPR对诊断和监测IVCTT生长有良好价值，为临床治疗IVCTT的研究建立基础。

Objective To establish an animal mddel of implanted inferior vena eava tumor thrombus （IVCTT） and examine its growth with MDCT and 3D-MPR. Methods Tumor cell line VX2 was inoculated subcutaneously into rabbit to develop the primary tumor, which was then cut into small strips. Purse-string suture was performed on the anterior wall of IVC after the laparotomy in eighteen New Zealand white rabbits. The tumor strip was. injected into IVC through the purse and suspensory fixed on the inner wall of IVC. The general conditions, body weight, and the survival time were monitored after operations. MDCT examinations were performed with plain scan, arterial phase, portal phase and venous phase enhancement every week for all animals and 3D-MPR were acquired. The volumes of IVCTT were calculated. IVC, IVCTT and metastasis were examined with gross and histological pathology. Results The IVCTT was confirmed by MDCT and 3D-MPR images. Collateral varicose veins caused by IVC obstruction and metastasis were also shown in images. IVCTr and metastasis were confirmed by pathological method. The success rate of IvcTr was 100 %. The mean survival time of operated animals was （49.5±4.4） days. Conclusions Injecting and suspensory fixing VX2 tumor strip into IVC is a reliable method to establish the IVCTT animal model. MDCT and 3D-MPR are valuable methods to monitor the growth and metastasis of IVCTT in animal models. The model of implanted IVCTT of rabbits provides a useful tool for the research of treatment of IVCTT.