早产儿动脉导管未闭的危险因素

Risk Factors for Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants

动脉导管未闭(PDA)是早产儿常见的并发症之一,可导致或加重呼吸窘迫、慢性肺疾病、颅内出血和坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生发展,它的存在与早产儿死亡率和后遗症发生率提高密切相关。早产儿发生PDA与多种因素有关,包括因胎龄及出生体质量所致的组织形态学和病理生理学上的因素、产科因素、其他并发症、遗传、环境因素等。对其危险因素进行综述有助于提高对该疾病的认识。

Patant ductus arteriosus（PDA） is one of the common complications in the premature in- fants,which lesds to or worsen respiratory distress, chronic pulmonary disease, intraventricular hemorrhage and neocrotizing enterocolitis. It is associated with an increase in mortality and sequelae of preterm infants. Multiple factors contribute to PDA in pretcrm infants. The risk factors for PDA include histomorphological and pathophysiologic factors attributing to gestational age or birth weight, obstetricul factors, other complications, genetic and environmental factors, and etc.. It is helpful to improve understanding of the disease through reviewing the risk factors.