丽穗凤梨ISSR遗传多样性分析与指纹图谱构建

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Construction of Fingerprint of Vriesea by ISSR

【目的】探讨丽穗凤梨品种遗传多样性和亲缘关系,并建立其分子指纹图谱,为今后丽穗凤梨杂交育种和品种鉴定提供依据。【方法】利用ISSR分子标记技术研究41个丽穗凤梨品种的遗传多样性水平,并构建DNA指纹图谱。【结果】12条ISSR引物共扩增出132个清晰可辩位点,其中多态性位点125个,多态位点百分率达94.70%。41个丽穗凤梨品种平均有效等位基因数为1.5311,平均Nei’s基因多样性指数为0.3101,平均Shannon信息指数为0.4668,品种间的相似系数介于0.3561～0.9394之间;基于ISSR分子标记数据建立的UPGMA亲缘关系聚类图,41个丽穗凤梨品种在相似系数0.601处被划分为两大类群;同时利用4条多态性ISSR引物构建了41个丽穗凤梨品种的分子指纹图谱。【结论】供试41个丽穗凤梨品种遗传多样性丰富,其亲缘关系与叶片横纹的有无具有一定的相关性。ISSR分子标记技术可以有效地用于丽穗凤梨品种资源评价和指纹图谱构建。

【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment is to study the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Vriesea cultivars and establish their DNA fingerprints,which will provide some guidance for crossbreeding and cultivar identification of ornamental bromeliads in Vriesea.【Method】 Inter-simple sequence repeat（ISSR）was conducted to assess the genetic diversity of 41 Vriesea cultivars and the DNA fingerprints of the cultivars were established.【Result】Among the 41 Vriesea cultivars,12 ISSR primers produced 132 loci,of which 125 were polymorphisms,and the percentage of polymorphic loci was up to 94.70%.The average value of the effective number of alleles,Nei＇s genetic diversity and Shannon＇s information index was 1.5311,0.3101 and 0.4668,respectively.The similarity coefficient between the 41 Vriesea cultivars ranged from 0.3561 to 0.9394.Based on the unweighted pari group method with arithmetic average（UPGMA） and ISSR molecular markers,the 41 Vriesea cultivars were divided into two groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.601.In addition,the DNA fingerprints for the Vriesea cultivars were established by 4 polymorphic ISSR primers.【Conclusion】There existed abundant genetic diversity among 41 Vriesea cultivars and their relationships were significantly correlated with leaf stripe.ISSR molecular markers could be effectively used in genetic diversity and fingerprint analysis for Vriesea cultivars.