行政管理与基本权利--以近代出版自由为视角

Administration Management and Fundamental Rights: The Perspective of Modern Press Freedom

近代基本法确认出版自由为公民的一项基本权利,可是,清末政府、北洋政府、南京国民政府却是施行"管制"+"侵犯"的行政管理模式,不是"消极不作为"而是"积极进取"到公民自由权的范畴,致使公民的出版自由变迁为出版不自由。由此可见,公民的基本权利仅有基本法的确认是不够的,应警惕行政权的滥用并构建有效的制约体制,以便形成行政权对基本权利的良性效力。

The modern basic law confirmed that the freedom of the press is one of the basic fights of citizens. How- ever, the late Qing government, the Beiyang government and the Nanjing national government implemented the ＂Regula- tion＂ and ＂Invasion＂ administrative pattern, not ＂negative nonfeasance＂ but ＂positive enterprising＂ to the category of civil liberty right. This leads to the transition of press freedom to the citizens. It indicates that the basic rights of citizens should be alert to the abuse of executive power, not only for the confirmation of basic law, but also building the effective restricted system so as to establish the administrative power of the basic fights of benign effect.