国际服务外包中知识转移对接包企业技术能力的影响

The Impact of Knowledge Transfer on the Technological Capability of Service Providers in International Services Outsourcing

国际服务外包是一种发包企业主导的企业间知识整合机制,外包双方在这一整合机制中的地位和出发点存在差异。发包企业的交易动机、外包双方关系质量和接包企业吸收能力对显性和隐性知识转移的影响是不同的。国际服务外包中显性和隐性知识转移对接包企业常规性和创新性技术能力的影响都是正向的,而隐性知识转移对接包企业技术能力提升作用更大。接包企业应以国际服务外包中隐性知识转移为突破口,将从发包企业获取的"片断化"技术知识整合形成相对完整的技术能力。接包企业不应满足于常规性技术能力的提升,更应利用国际服务外包中的知识转移,特别是隐性知识转移,促进创新性技术能力的提升。不同类型的接包企业应立足自身吸收能力,结合发包企业交易动机、外包双方关系质量,选择利用知识转移实现技术能力提升的路径。

International services outsourcing serves as a knowledge integration mechanism between outsourcing buy- ers and providers, whose positions and standing points in the integration process are different from each other. Transaction motives of services outsourcing buyers, quality of relationship between outsourcing buyers and providers and absorptive capacity of service providers have different impact on the transfer of explicit and implicit knowledge. Transfer of both explicit and implicit knowledge has positive effect on providers＇ regular and innovative technologi- cal capability but the latter has a greater role in improving the providers＇ technological capability. It follows that providers should focus on the tacit knowledge transfer in international services outsourcing and try to integrate sliced knowledge acquired from service outsourcing buyers into their own systemized technological capability. Different types of services outsourcing providers should choose suitable paths in developing their technological capability via international services outsourcing.