耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药性

Clinical distribution and drug-resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

目的研究耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的感染分布及耐药性特征,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法回顾性分析2008年5月—2010年5月分离自某院各类临床标本的756株葡萄球菌属细菌的资料。结果 756株葡萄球菌属细菌中,金黄色葡萄球菌584株(77.25%),其中MRSA394株(67.47%)。MRSA主要分离自呼吸道标本(248株,62.94%)和伤口标本(121株,30.71%);科室来源主要为重症监护室(53.30%)与外科(19.29%)。MRSA除对万古霉素、替考拉宁及利奈唑胺100%敏感外,对常用抗菌药物均存在较高的耐药性,并且万古霉素最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为2μg/mL的菌株达5.33%。结论 MRSA主要分离自重症监护室和外科患者的呼吸道及伤口,其感染及耐药性严重,呈多重耐药性;应加强对MRSA的检测及细菌耐药性的监测,合理使用抗菌药物。

Objective To study the distribution and drug-resistance of methicillin-resistant （MRSA）, so as to provide reference for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic. Methods Staphylococcus aureus Data of 756 Staphy lococcus isolates from clinical samples in a hospital from May 2008 to May 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. Re- suits Of all Staphylococcus, 584 （77. 250%） were Staphylococcus aureus, 394 （67. 47%） of which were MRSA. MRSA mainly came from respiratory tract （248 isolates, 62. 94%） and wound （121 isolates, 30. 71%）, and were mainly from intensive care unit （ICU） （53.30%） and surgery patients （19. 29%）. MRSA were all sensitive to van- comycin, teicoplain, and linezolid, but resistant to the other commonly used antimicrobial agents,minimum inhibito- ry concentration of 5.33% of MRSA to vancomycin was 2 μg/mE. Conclusion MRSA are mainly isolated from re- spiratory tract and wound of ICU and surgery patients, infection and drug resistance is serious, and has multiple drug resistance ; detection and drug resistant surveillance of MRSA should be strengthened.