传统法律文化形上源流之梳理

Exploring Sources of Metaphysics in Traditional Legal Culture

中华传统文化重要组成部分的中华传统法律文化源远流长,其两千余年持续不断的稳定延续状态在世界法文化领域独树一帜,也对世界法律文化和思想产生了深远的影响。这一以儒学思想为核心的法律文化从汉代＂罢黜百家,独尊儒术＂开始成形,经魏晋、南北朝至隋唐发展到顶峰,后一直延绵不断至清末。这一法律文化是以儒学思想为核心,儒学又是以＂仁＂思想为形上依据的,这一点已成为学界共识。但儒学＂仁＂思想的源流及含义并不清晰,见仁见智。笔者以文献研究与分析论证相结合的方法,以《易经》、《尚书》、《诗经》、《道德经》、《易传》、《论语》、《庄子》、《孟子》、《史记》等原始古文献为依据,对汉代以＂仁＂入法前儒学＂仁＂思想的发展脉络进行梳理,揭示出＂天→道→天（道）人合一→仁＂这一中华传统文化（包含法律文化）形上依据的发展过程,并希望通过这一过程的研究清理一些模糊认识,找到中华传统法律文化的真正形上本体,以期有助于中华优秀传统法文化的复兴与弘扬。

As a part of traditional Chinese culture, legal culture in China has far and deep rooted in an over two thousand years＇ history with stable and constant state, and has developed as a unique school among legal cultures in the world and has far-reaching effects on other legal cultures and thoughts. This legal culture, with Confucianism as the core, was initially forged in the movement of ＂abolition of other philosophical doctrines and promotion of Confucianism＂ in Han Dynasty, and was further advanced in Wei/Jin and the South/North Dynasty, and was pushed to the summit in Sui and Tang Dynasty and extended constantly to the end of Qing Dynasty. So the academia agrees that Chinese legal culture is metaphysically motivated by the thought of ＂Ren＂ meaning love from Confucianism. But there exist various understanding to the origin and exact meaning of the thought of ＂Ren＂. Combining literature review and analytic argumentation, the author seeks to sort out the process of＂Ren＂ evolving into legal culture in Hart Dynasty on the basis of studying original classics as The Book of Changes, The Book of History, The Book of Songs, The Tao Te Ching, Yi Zhuan, The Analects, The Analects of Zhuangzi, The Analects of Mencius, Shih Chi etc. and to reveal the evolution process of traditional Chinese culture （legal culture） from nature to doctrine to integrity of both to ＂Ren＂, and to find the real metaphysic subject of Chinese legal culture so that it can be restored and promoted.