海拔5000m以上地区健康人群心电图特征分析

Clinical analysis on electrocardiogram's characteristics in healthy people garrisoning in high altitude area above 5 000 m elevation

目的了解高海拔地区健康青年人群心电图改变。方法分析不同海拔高度[海拔5 380、5 200、5 010m(n=126),4 300m(n=50),3 750m(n=26),1 400m(n=98)]心电图资料,用实测法与目测法测定额面心电轴、J波、SⅠSⅡSⅢ综合征、顺钟向转位、电轴右偏等指标,对并海拔5 000m以上地区健康人群心电图特征进行分析。结果顺钟向转位、电轴右偏发生率组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);额面电轴中5 000m以上组与海拔4 300m组、3 750m组比较,与1 400m组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);4 300m组与3 750m组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);SⅠSⅡSⅢ综合征各海拔组间相比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);窦性心律不齐不同海拔高度组比较,3 750m、4 300m及5 000m以上组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而3 750m以上各组与1 400m组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论特高海拔地区健康青年人群心电图改变有一定的特殊性,为进一步了解特高海拔人群心电改变提供了新的依据。

Objective To investigate the changes of electrocardiogram＇s characteristics in healthy young people garrisoning in high altitude area.Methods We analyzed the electrocardiogram data collected from the healthy young people situating in different altitudes [5 380 m,5 200 m and 5 010 m（n=126）,4 300 m（n=50）,3 750 m（n=26）,1 400 m（n=98）].The practical measurement method and ocular estimate were adopted to measure electrical axis of frontal plane,J wave,SⅠSⅡSⅢ syndrome,clockwise rotation,right axis deviation,and other indices.Furthermore,clinical analysis was performed on electrocardiogram＇s characteristics in healthy people garrisoning in high altitude area above 5 000 m elevation.Results There were significant differences in clockwise rotation and right axis deviation among different groups（P0.01）.Statistical differences in electrical axis of frontal plane were found between 5 000 m above group and 4 300 m group（P0.05）,3 750 m group（P0.05）,as well as1 400 m group（P0.01）;while no significant difference in electrical axis of frontal plane was found between 4 300 m group and 3 750 m group（P0.05）.There was significant difference in SⅠSⅡSⅢ syndrome among different groups（P0.05）.No significant difference in juvenile arrythmia was found among 3 750 m group,4 300 m group and 5 000 m above group（P0.05）,but there was significant difference between each of the above groups and 1 400 m group（P0.05）.Conclusion ECG change has some specificity in healthy young people situating in very high altitude area,which provides evidence for understanding of ECG change in very high altitude area.